Wood is one of the most widely used materials with a long history of application in flooring, construction and furniture manufacturing. It is unlikely that anyone will be surprised by such properties of wood as eco-friendliness, high strength, low density, low thermal conductivity and low coefficient of linear expansion.
Finally, it is impossible not to note the property to regulate within the limits favorable for humans the humidity of the environment and, of course, the beautiful appearance.
The wood has a specific structure and is characterized by physical and mechanical properties. Physical properties include: appearance, smell, macrostructure characteristics, humidity, density, electrical, sound and thermal conductivity; mechanical properties include strength, hardness, rigidity, impact strength and others.
A tree is a perennial plant with a clearly defined trunk carrying side branches and a tip shoot. The branch system and corresponding trunk sections form the crown. The trunk is the part of the tree from the root to the top carrying the branches. The trunk of a growing tree carries water with dissolved minerals upwards (upward current) and, with organic matter, downwards to the roots (downward current); stores spare nutrients; and serves to place and maintain the crown.
It gives the bulk of the wood (50 to 90 % of the volume of the whole tree) and is of industrial importance. The top thin part of the trunk is called the top, the bottom thick part is called a chum.
The tree is the genus and species of perennial woody plant. Each plant has a botanical name, which is given in two languages (Russian and Latin) with an indication of genus and species. For example, in the name of a pine a common noun indicates a genus and an adjective form. A distinction is made between coniferous (pine, spruce, fir, cedar, pine, larch, etc.) and deciduous (oak, beech, birch, linden, poplar, maple, elm, etc.).
In terms of colour attributes, the species of trees from which parquet boards are made are divided into light (ash, beech, hornbeam, maple, larch), medium (oak, cherry, alder) and dark (mahogany and ebony, walnut).
The main cuts in the barrel
- Transverse is a section that runs perpendicular to the trunk axis and the direction of the fibers to form an end plane.
- Radial cut is a longitudinal cut that runs through the trunk core in the radial direction along the wood fibers and perpendicular to the one-year timber layer at the point of contact.
- A tangential cut is a longitudinal cut that runs at some distance from the core and radially along the wood fibres, tangentially tangential to the year-layer wood.